Seismic geomorphological analysis of deepwater gravity-driven deposits on a slope system of the southern Colombian Caribbean margin     

《Marine and Petroleum Geology》2014

Gravity-driven processes are important agents for transporting sediments downslope into deep-marine environments. The Pliocene to Holocene offshore succession of the Colombian Caribbean margin and its stratigraphic distribution, have been affected by faulting and mud diapirism, and have been characterized using 3D seismic data. Nine stratigraphic intervals were characterized within the study, and are interpreted to consist of a range of seismic geomorphologies, including slumps and debrites. Nine gravity-driven deposits were defined within the study area, interpreted to have been transported to the north and northwest. Slumps display high-amplitude, high continuity, elongated, stratified, lobate and confined morphologies, while debrites have a reflection-free pattern or show discontinuous, low-amplitude and chaotic reflections. Mixed slumps-turbidites-debrites deposits are composed by a succession of laterally and vertically interfingered slumps, debrites and turbidites. These deposits are morphologically lobate and broadly scattered. In addition, erosional features such as basal small scours, megascours, linear scours and rafted blocks were used as kinematic indicators within the gravity-driven deposits. There are several candidates triggering mechanism, including over-steepening of slope (related to high sediment supply or slope tectonism). In the study area, confined slumps and debrites with a main transport direction from south to north have been observed, while transport direction of the mixed slumps-turbidites-debrites was toward northwest. Additionally, the fact that slumps and debrites are found in depocenters between periclines suggests a confined environment of deposition. Finally, mixed slumps-turbidites-debrites are unconfined without evident structural control. We suggest that local intraslope sub-basin margin become over-steepened as a result of mud diapirism in the subsurface. In this situation, the paleobathymetry was sufficient to trap the resultant gravity-driven deposits within the sub-basins, suggesting a local origin. Seismic evidence of BSR (Bottom Simulating Reflector) suggests the presence of gas hydrate in the study area, and is taken as an additional potential mechanism to provide instability of slope and generate gravity-driven deposits.  相似文献   

基于时频电磁法的富有机质页岩层系勘探研究   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2       下载免费PDF全文

张春贺  刘雪军  何兰芳  何委徽  周印明  朱永山  崔志伟  邝锡汉 《地球物理学报》2013,56(9):3173-3183

我国地质条件复杂、多样,能否充分发挥出非地震勘探技术成本低、效率高的技术优势,检验电法勘探技术在页岩气勘探中的有效性,是当前在页岩气勘探起步阶段亟待解决的重要问题之一.本文介绍了在研究和总结含气页岩密度、极化率、电阻率等岩石物理特征基础上,在四川盆地南部筠连地区开展的物性调查、时频电磁法勘探试验工作.勘探研究结果表明,本地区分布的富有机质页岩层系-志留系龙马溪组(S1l)具备开展电法勘探工作的物性条件,时频电磁法具有勘探富有机质页岩层系的能力.  相似文献   

An analysis of urban spatial structure using comprehensive prominence of irregular areas     

Changping Zhang 《International journal of geographical information science》2013,27(6):675-686

The purpose of this paper is to propose a new notion on prominent areas of a city defined by two types of comprehensive prominence for identifying urban spatial structure. Not only geometric attributes and topological attributes but also thematic attributes of irregular areas (e.g. districts of a city) are used to define these indices. In the paper, first the topological prominence related to geometric attributes such as size, location, and shape of areas is constructed by spatial weight matrix. Second, for finding comprehensive prominences, the principle axis factor model is adopted, and the first factor score is defined as the comprehensive prominence 1. Then, the proportion of thematic attributes of each area occupied in across the city is used to define the comprehensive prominence 2. Finally, we use these comprehensive prominences to extract some important regions in Matsudo City of Chiba Prefecture in Japan. The areas composing those regions show a high topological prominence, have a large population, have many offices, and are located around the train station.  相似文献   

Determining crop acreage estimates for specific winter crops using shape attributes from sequential MODIS imagery     

《International Journal of Applied Earth Observation and Geoinformation》2013

There are increasing societal and plant industry demands for more accurate, objective and near real-time crop production information to meet both economic and food security concerns. The advent of the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) satellite platform has augmented the capability of satellite-based applications to monitor large agricultural areas at acceptable pixel scale, cost and accuracy. Fitting parametric profiles to growing season vegetation index time series reduces the volume of data and provides simple quantitative parameters that relates to crop phenology (sowing date, flowering). In this study, we modelled various Gaussian profiles to time sequential MODIS enhanced vegetation index (EVI) images over winter crops in Queensland, Australia. Three simple Gaussian models were evaluated in their effectiveness to identify and classify various winter crop types and coverage at both pixel and regional scales across Queensland's main agricultural areas. Equal to or greater than 93% classification accuracies were obtained in determining crop acreage estimates at pixel scale for each of the Gaussian modelled approaches. Significant high to moderate correlations (log-linear transformation) were also obtained for determining total winter crop (R² = 0.93) areas as well as specific crop acreage for wheat (R² = 0.86) and barley (R² = 0.83). Conversely, it was much more difficult to predict chickpea acreage (R² ≤ 0.26), mainly due to very large uncertainties in survey data. The quantitative approach utilised here further had additional benefits of characterising crop phenology in terms of length of growing season and providing regression diagnostics of how well the fitted profiles matched the EVI time series. The Gaussian curve models utilised here are novel in application and therefore will enhance the use and adoption of remote sensing technologies in targeted agricultural application. With innate simplicity and accuracies comparable to other more convoluted multi-temporal approaches it is a good candidate in determining total and specific crop acreage estimates in future national and global food security frameworks.  相似文献   

Ground roll attenuation using a time-frequency dependent polarization filter based on the S transform     

Tan Yu-Yang  He Chuan  Wang Yan-Dong  Zhao Zhong 《应用地球物理》2013,10(3):279-294

The ground roll and body wave usually show significant differences in arrival time, frequency content, and polarization characteristics, and conventional polarization filters that operate in either the time or frequency domain cannot consider all these elements. Therefore, we have developed a time-frequency dependent polarization filter based on the S transform to attenuate the ground roll in seismic records. Our approach adopts the complex coefficients of the S transform of the multi-component seismic data to estimate the local polarization attributes and utilizes the estimated attributes to construct the filter function. In this study, we select the S transform to design this polarization filter because its scalable window length can ensure the same number of cycles of a Fourier sinusoid, thereby rendering more precise estimation of local polarization attributes. The results of applying our approach in synthetic and real data examples demonstrate that the proposed polarization filter can effectively attenuate the ground roll and successfully preserve the body wave.  相似文献   

地震多属性聚类分析煤层中岩浆侵入影响范围     

陈加林  张兴平 《中国煤炭地质》2012,(2):64-66

在淮北杨柳矿区,层状或脉状侵入的岩浆岩导致主采煤层呈现较人范嘲的吞蚀、烧变、焦化、变溥现象,Ⅲ常规地震时间剖面及顺层层拉平切片上难于确定其分布范同。为了精细确定主采煤层巾岩浆侵入的影响范田．基于煤层反射波振幅、波形、能量的同一性及差异性特征,利用优化后的地震多属性尤监督神经网络聚类分析技术对其进行分析。解释结果表明,3煤层未受到岩浆侵入,而10煤层岩浆侵入比较明显,其在成果图上呈现出犬范围的黄色团块状及脉状特征。与实际钻孔揭露资料对比,利用地震多属性聚类分析技术圈定的岩浆岩分布范嗣符合率达78％,具有较高准确度。  相似文献   

利用QT调用Fortran程序实现地震属性的提取     

田仁飞  曹俊兴  郭韬 《物探化探计算技术》2012,34(4):481-485

为了解决地震属性商业软件开发严重滞后地震属性发展速度的问题,采用QT平台开发了地震属性分析模块.该模块使用QT编写交互式界面,调用Fortran程序生成的DLL文件,实现了地震属性计算、显示一体化,有利于新的地震属性的解释.以地震倒频属性的计算为例,详细地介绍了QT调用Fortran程序DLL文件的实现过程和利用Fortran语言编写DLL文件的标准,以及地震属性的各种显示方式,也可为开发类似的软件系统提供参考.  相似文献   

辽河坳陷粗面岩地球物理响应特征及预测技术研究     

卢浩 《地质与勘探》2018,54(1):130-137

辽河坳陷欧利坨子地区发育大规模、巨厚层状粗面岩,并赋存了大量油气资源。但由于粗面岩岩石物理性质特殊,分布规律性较差,目前尚未形成一套具有针对性的预测技术,制约着粗面岩油藏的进一步勘探和开发。为此,在对粗面岩进行岩石物理分析以及正演模拟的基础上,提出了综合应用地震技术预测粗面岩分布的方法。研究成果表明:(1)研究区粗面岩表现为低时差、高密度、高自然伽马的测井响应特征以及低频、强振幅的地震响应特征;(2)联合多参数岩性反演和纵波阻抗反演可以实现粗面岩分布的预测;(3)平均反射强度和平均波峰振幅对于粗面岩引起的反射异常较为敏感,有利于准确刻画粗面岩分布范围;(4)根据粗面岩分布区的低频特征,21Hz的振幅调谐体频率切片可以有效识别粗面岩体。  相似文献   

相控多属性预测技术在黄河口凹陷渤中35区储层预测中的应用     

曾萱  张新涛  牛成民  王德英  甄彦琴 《世界地质》2018,37(2):559-566

对渤海海域黄河口凹陷渤中35区东营组古地貌、古沟谷进行研究,明确沉积体系宏观分布规律。建立已钻井辫状河三角洲前缘砂体地质-地球物理的响应关系,应用多属性分析、沿层切片、地震反演、频谱分解等技术对辫状河三角洲前缘砂体的几何形态、分布以及厚度进行预测。结果表明,相控多属性储层预测结果与钻井吻合率达80%以上。  相似文献   

Seismic attributes optimization and application in reservoir prediction     

Gao Jun Wang Jianmin Yun Meihou Huang Baoshun Zhang Guocai 《应用地球物理》2006,3(4):243-247

  相似文献